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(No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 2. a C. B. STILWELL. PAPER BAG MAGHINE.

No. 255,204. Patented Mar. 21,1882.

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PAPER BAG MACHINE.

No. 255,204. Patented Mar. 21,1882.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT -QFFICEQ CHARLES B. STILl/VELL, OF \VATERTOlVN, N.Y., A'SSIGNOR TO THE UNION PAPER BAG MACHINE COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA,PA.

PAPER-BAG MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,204, dated March21, 1882. A

Application filed October "21, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom tt may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES B. STILWELL, acitizen of the United States, residing in the city of Watcrtown, countyof Jefferson, and State of N ewYork, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Paper-Bag Machines, fully described andrepresented in the following specification and the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of the same.

The improvements embodied herein, while in part capable of use inordinary bag-machines, relate more particularly to that class ofbag-machines which automatically operate to producesatchel-bottomedpaper bags, and

[5 especially to such improved machines as include mechanisms operatingupon the principle and substantially as is set forth in the Patent No.165,381, granted July 6, 1875, reissued July 30,1878,No.8,357, andPatentNo. 203,638,

granted July 30, 1878. The art of making satchel-bottomed paper bags asimproved and perfected by the inventions forming the sub jects-matter ofthe aforesaid patents includes the conversion of a long web of paperinto a 2 tube provided with such cuts, partially severing ittransversely, as enable mouth-distending and fold-laying apparatuses tospread and lay portions of said tube a bags length apart into therequisite preliminary diamond shape go'suited to the formation of asatchel-bottom, said bag-lengths remaining connected together by astrip, and thus fed continuously through the machine andaccuratelyconveye'd to the action of pasting, creasing, folding, and cutting devices, whereby the bottom laps are prepared and folded tocomplete the bag-bottom and each bag is severed from the tube anddelivered from the machine. v The present improvements relate to means40 whereby one machine has its various mechanisms constructed andorganized so as to capacitate them to produce various sizes ofsatchelbottomed bags; and said improvements embrace various combinationsinvolving one or 5 more of the following mechanisms": a carrying-framein which are mounted two or more sets of opening feeding-rollers,eachsetadapted to the formation of a different size of bag and capable ofadjustment into co-operative 5o relation to the other mechanisms; 2.primary 1 trains of gear-wheels. Figs. 14 and 15 are up- I00 cutting andintermediate cutting and slitting mechanisms operating to prepare thetube for the action of the opening feeding-rollers; an

adjustable breaker co-operalingwith said rollers; adjustable pastingdisks for applying paste to the first bottom flap; an interchangeablecreaser for defining the fold of' the said flap; an adjustable means forsustaining the ontwardly-moving bag-lengths and a fastertraveling beltor air-blast for laying or bending said flap into position to be pressedonto the bag-bottom; alast bottom-flapcreaser and ,rying the primarycreaser and interchangeable gearing, whereby the motion of thefeedingrollers in action is properly transmitted to the othermechanisms, and so as to produce correct coaction in forming varioussizes of bags; and a take-up device for determining the extent ofmaterial stretchcdfro'm the primary cutting mechanism to the openingfeedingrollers, whereby the exact relation of the positions of .thematerial separately acted upon by the various mechanisms is fixed.

The improvements also include the construction ofsome of the appliances,all of which is set forth with particularity in the specification, andfinally pointed out and defined in the claims.

Figures 1 and 2 represent right and left hand side elevations of themachine. Fig. 3 isa top or plan view, showing particularly the upperrange of mechanisms. Fig. 4. is a sectional plan view, showing the'lowerrange of meehis an elevation, partly in section, 'of.the last cuttingand oreasingcylinder. Fig. Sis a transverse section of the same. Figs. 9and 10 are plan views of opposite ends of said cylinder, showing moreparticularly the mode of securing the cutting-blade. Figs. 11, 12, and13 are views of a crank-pin connection between two 0 Fig. 6 is an endelevation as seen from the feeding end of the machine Fig.1

per and under plan views of the material in various stages of itsconversion into tubular bag-blanks. Fig. 16 is a skeleton view,illustrating the forming of the primary central cut formed in the\veb,the conversion of the latter into a tube, the side slitting, mouthdistending, and diamond folding of the bottom. Fig.17 is an end view ofthe devices accomplishing the diamond folding, the breaker beingremoved. Fig. 18 illustrates the transverse pasting, the first creaseras operating to fold the first flap, and second creasing and transversesevering, also the second pasting and final folding, of which Fig. 19 isan end elevation. Fig. 20 illustrates the tubular blank with the firstflap folded and the last pasting operation efiected upon its surface.Fig. 21 illustrates the tinished bag, and Fig. 22 the same when openedinto a square or rectangular form. Fig. 23 is a detail showing theconstruction of the end of blade at.

To aid at ready understanding of the mechanisms, their general functionswill be first pointed out in connection with their operation upon theweb of paper in converting the same into bags, and thentheirstructure,particular characteristics, and specific operation willbe explained in detail.

The web of paper from a roll, 150, held in suitable bearings at thelower front end of the machine, is led, while distended widthwise, overthe tension-roller 50, and carried between a yielding pressing-roller,51, and a pastingdisk,20, from which it receives a line of paste, 11,along on one edge. From thence it passes through the first cuttingmechanism,whereby the first partial severance of the web is performed,the out being made in the transverse center to form the slit 22, as inFig. 14. It is bent around a take-up roller, 54, and thence descendsover an inclined guard, 55, and the plate or table 59, and passesbeneath the tubet'ormer 56, around which latter it is doubled to form atube by having its sides lapped centrally, so that the pasted edge ofone side is laid over or upon the opposite side, arms 58 serving toguideits edgesinto proper relation, so that the pasted edge of the upperply will be pressed and united to thelower plyiu passing between thefeeding and opening rollers 27 2S, and complete the formation of thetube. These feeding and opening rollers 27 28 are provided with shortserrated cutters 14, that make the short transverse cuts 25 through thetube inwardly from its side edges, and with short slitting-knives 15,which make the short longitudinal slits 26, that intersect both the cuts25 and the central transverse slit 22, and the roller 27 may carry acreasing-blade, 5, that co-operates with a slot in the roller 28 increasing thetube upon a transverse line at the center of the bag-bottom,to enable the diamond fold to be more readily and perfectly spread. Thiscreasing-blade may, however, be omitted and the mechanism remainentirely operative. These rollers are also provided withmouth-distending devices, whereby the slit and cut tube may have itsopposite sides distended to spread the diamond folds 18 and lay itsrearward flap 17. This tub e,with partially-formed bottom connected byits forward flaps, 16, is then carried upward between a pressing-roller,65, and the carrying-cylinder 64., undera guiding-roller,67, and onto anend less traveling apron, '70. In passing the roller 67 the rearwardbottom flap, 17, and diamond folds 1S ieceivc short longitudinal linesof paste 8, and in passing 0v er the apron-guiding cylinder '71 saidrearward bottom flap, 17, is creased transversely on the line 9 by thecreaser-blade 3, which causes said bottom flap,

17, to stand upward, as in Fig. 18. As the tube is carried onward uponthe apron 70 these bottom flaps, 17, are engaged by a faster-movingbelt,75, that lays them forward and downward onto the diamond folds 18,and in a position to be pressed fiat as the tube passes between thepressingrollers 72 73. Beyond these pressing-rollers the third or finalcutting mechanism comes into operatiomwhereby the cut 3t (see Fig. 20)is made, which severs blank from blank. The forward flap, 16, now free,is creased transversely by the creaserblade 4, so as to incline slightlyupward. As the bag-bottom passes over the supportingroller 81 therevolving paster 82 comes into operation and lays upon it the line ofpaste 7. As the tube moves onward its leading end is controlled by thewheels 87, under which the outer portions of the diamond tolds l8 pass,and its upwardly-projecting flap 17, meeting the roller 88, is forcedrearwardly upon the tube to complete the bag-bottom,tsee Fig. 21,) thusfinishing the bag, which may be delivered in anymanner, as by a belt,142, and which bag may be opened to have the form shown in Fig. 22, allof which operations are analogous to those described in the aforesaidpatents.

The shaft carrying the paper roll 150 may be adjusted laterally byslotted adjustable arms 114, applied to its ends.

The tension-roller 50 is hung in pendulous arms, and the yieldingpressing-roller St is hung in curved arms depending from a crossbar, 52,so that it may rise and fall to properly hold the edge of the passingweb onto the pasting-disk 20, that turns frictionally in a pastevat, 53.

The web-take-up roller 54 is mounted in adjustable inclined arms 33, thelower end of each of which is provided with a raek,3(), that engages apinion,3l,on a cross-shaft,6t). (See Fig. 5.) These arms 33 sl:de inbearings and maybe moved by rotating the shaft 60 through the hand-wheell38,so as to raise 01' lower said roller, and' thus adjust it in properposition for the production of any sized bag. To facilitate thisadjustment, an indicating device may be employed, and some tasteningasthe slotted wheel 13S and the clamp-screw 19--\vill be required to holdthe roller fixedly in its adjusted cross-frame.

position. The inclined guard is a plate supported by a cross-bar, 52, soas to bridge the space between the roller 54 and the tubeformer 56.

The plate or table 59 is secured to the shaft 60 by straps, whichembrace it and form a hinge that permits its forward end to be raisedand lowered. As the tube-former 56 must be of a width equal to that ofthe bag-tube it is to aid in forming, it is made removable by beingsecured to a bracket, 57, that depends from the This bracket 57 is madein two parts, (see Fig. 6,) each of which is secured to the cross-frameby a bolt, 39, passing through a slot in the hanger, the tube-formerbeing secured to the hanger by means of bolts 40, embraced in socketsgained into the opposite meeting edges ofthe two heads of said bracket.

All the cutting mechanisms are mainly con structed in substantially thesame manner,

their differences consisting in the disposition.

of the blades for the accomplishment of the peculiar cuts required to bemade, and in peculiar constructions, more fully hereinafter set forth.The general characteristics of the cutting mechanisms are a roller orcarrier, as 24 28 79, provided witha proper-shaped cutting slot or slotsfor coaetion with the cutters and knives, which are mounted in a rolleror carrier, as 2t 27 78. I The carrier 21 of the first cutting mechanismis a shaft provided with a projecting seat, in which a socket is formedas a bearing for the shaft of the primary serrated cutting-blade 12,(see Fig. 6,) which blade co-operates with a cutting-slot formed in thecarrier or roller 24, and is given a slight oscillating movementby meansof a cam, 38, fast to its shaft, in like manner as is described in saidPatent No.

The third cutting apparatus (see Figs. 5 and 7 to 10) consists of aroller .or carrier, 79, provided with a cutting-slot, and of a sleeve,80, mounted on an arbor, 78, and provided with a projecting seat, inwhich a socket is formed as a bearing for the shaft of a serratedcuttingblade,13,which shaft is provided with acam. 38, that rolls incontact with the periphery of the roller or carrier 79, and thusoscillates the blade, a retracting-spring, 119, rocking the bladebackward to its normal position. The arbor 78, which supports thecutting-blade 13 of this mechanism, also carries the finalcreaser-blade, and as the last out and crease must vary intheirdistauces of separation with each different size of bag made, thecarrier proper of said cutting-blade or the sleeve is made to turnadjustably upon the arbor 78, so that the relation'of the creasing-blade4, that is fixedly held in a slot or socket in the arbor 78, withrespect to cutting-blade 13 may be varied and determined by turning thesleeve 80 upon the arbor 78 until the proper relative adjustment isreached, which is secured by a curved clamp, 46, held to duty by. ascrew, 47, tapped into the arbor-78. 4

The second cutting mechanism consists of short serrated longitudinalcutters l4 and short slitting-knives 15, set in sockets in the roller27, which cutters and knives coact with suitablyshaped cuttingslots inthe roller 28. Though these cutters and slitters are here represented asseated in stationary positions, they may bemounted to oscillate as insaid Patent No. 206,638.

In order that the proper-sized rollers 27 28 and the cutters andslitting-knives they carry may he provided for the production of thevarious sizes of bags, a suitable number ofscts, as AB 0 D E F, of suchrollers 27 28, appropriate to the difierent number of'sizes of bagswhich the machine is to produce, are journaled in a carrying-frame thatis capable of rotary adjustment to bring the proper set of such rollersinto co-operativc relation with the other mechanisms. Theseinterchangeable sets or' pairs of rollers 27 28 might of course be separately removable and adjustable in the framework; but in order topromote the ready readjustment of the machine for the varioussiz'edbags, the rotary structure of carryingframe here shown is of greatutility. Each roller 27 is provided with pins to impale the rearwardflap 17 of each bag, and with stripping-fingers 62 to disengage the flapfrotn the pins at the proper time, as is described in said last-namedpatent. When this roller-carrying frame is adjusted to bring a new setof rollers, 27 28, in place, it is secured in proper position by meansof a head-plate, 125, perforated with adjusting-holes, that are engagedby a springse'ated pin, 49; and in order that the table 59, may sustaina proper relative position with respect to the different pairs ofrollers 27 28, to which it is to direct the partially-formed tube, theroller-carrying frame is provided at the front of each set of rollerswith studs 44', upon which a cross-bar, 48, attachedto the inner end ofthe table rests in appropriate ad just-meat. I

The curved breaker 63, which stands in such close relation to the planeof travel of the material as to act to prevent distortion of thedistended but u creased diamond folds 18, and thus secures %he retentionof their shape until it is finally completed by being pressed flat, ismade capable of proper co-operation with all the varying sized rollers28 by being pivoted so as to rest in operative position by gravity; andin order to secure its proper depression with respect to said rollers itis provided with arms 43 at each end, which rest upon properlyrelatedstuds 6, projecting from the heads ofthe roller-carrying frame in rearof each roller 28.

The pressing-roller 65,which coacts with the carrying-cylinder 64, ishung in swinging arms 66, pivoted to brackets, the free members of whichhave a spring interposed between them and the shoulder of said bracket,their throw being limited by means of regulating-screws 37. The cylinder64 runs. loosely upon the shaft 124, and is driven frictionally by thepaper. The roller 05 is actuated by a pinion, 1 14, that is engaged bythe wheel 143, fast on the shaft 121, the latter being rotated by thewheel 123, that gears with the main drivingpiniou 122.

The shaft of the guidingrollcr 67 is jamnaled in hangers which may besecured in fixed positions determining the adjustment of the rollerswith respect to the pcriphery'of the pasting-disks 68, Any common meansmay he used to accomplish this adjustment, as the mere tightening oftheir pivotal screws 10, the purpose being to guide the tube out ofcontact with the pasting-disks 08, but in such near relation to theperiphery of said pasting-disks as to permit the rearward flap 17 tospring outward into contact therewith and receive the lines of paste 8while the body of the tube is held out of such contact, asin Fig. 18.These pasting-disks 65 turn in a paste-vat, 0!), and are provided withdoctors or scrapers in the usual manner, and each is independentlyadjustable to suit its position with respect to each size of bagproduced.

The crcaser-hla-de 3 is mounted in a socket in a shaft, 89, that isjournaled in bearings carried by an adjustable frame,00. This frame 90slides in ways provided on the side frames,

- and may be adjusted to and from the cylinder 71 (by which the apron70, which runs over it, is driven) and secured in a given adjustment bymeans of a pin, 42, which enters through 7 one ofa set of holes boredparallel with the edge of the cross-bar of said frame 00, and anappropriate one of a set of holes located diagonally in the end frame,41.

The creascr 3 is made interchangeable, so that one of appropriatelengthand width may be mounted in the socket ot'the shaft 80 to suit the sizeof bag which the machine is adjusted to make, a longer blade beingrequired as the size of the bag is increased, for the reason that as thewidth of the bag, and consequently the size ot'its bottom, changes withthe dimensions of each bag, it is manifest that the larger thebag ismade an appropriateincrease in the dimensions of its diamond folds willresult, and

"a longer creaser benccessitated to compass it,

and as an increase in the size of the bag adds to its length and causesthe distance between the bottom of one bag and that of the next adjacentbag to be increased in like manner, it is necessary to change its timeofoperation upon the material to coincide with that of the feedingopening-rollers that determine the length of the bag; and as this mustbe accomplished by change-gearing which correspond in size with thoseupon the feeding-rollers in operation, it is manifest that the greaterthe length of bag produced by the feeding opening-rollers the larger thegear that drives the crcaser will he, and consequently the width of thecreaser must be increased to bringits edge into operative position.

It is also apparent that as the feed of the material is maintained at auniform rate, no

matter what size of bag is being produced, through the driving-pinion122, intermediate 123, and the gears 110 111, with which each set offeeding opening-rollers 27 28 is provided, as well as through thetraveling'apron 70, driven by the gear 91, which meshes with theintermediate 123, the cutting. creasing, and last pasting mechanisms,which not during each revolution of their carriers, must make turn forturn with the feeding-rollers and have a uniform surface-speed therewithwhile operating upon the material. To transmit the motion of thedriving-shaft 121 to these mechanisms and regulate their speed withrespect to that otthe feeding opening-rollers 27 28, thegear 06,which isdriven from the shaft of gear-wheel 01 by a gear-wheel, 95, is madeexchangeable with others of different sizes for increasing ordiminishing the rotation of the creaser-shaft 89 to correspond with thatof the feeding openingrollers; and to avoid the necessity ofchanging thegears driving the cutting, creasing, or final pasting devices tocorrespond in size and yet impart to said devices the necessary coactingspeed of operation relative to that of the feeding openingrollers, themotion of the creasershaft 80 is transmitted to the train of wheels 0709 100, thence to the wheels 101 102, and through 103 104r to wheels 105106, and through 103 to 107, and through 108 to 109 by means of anautomatically-adjustable crank-pin, 45.

The transmittinggear 07, of uniform size with the gears 101 and 105,which must make turn for turn with it, is mounted upon a short stud, 98,that carries at its inner end a head, 20, in which is provided thebearing for the crank-pin 45. This crank-pin projects from a bar, 32,that slides in a diametrical groove cut in a plate, 128, that is securedto the shaft 89. For purposes of adjustment this plate 128 is supportedso as to turn upon the shaft 89, and so as to be fixedly secured to adisk, 120, fast to said shaft, against the face of which disk it may berigidly clamped by bolts 23, held in holes in the disk, and having theirheads resting in a circular groove in the face of the plate 123.

Whenever the driving-pinion 06 is changed for one of another size it isapparent that the bar 32 will slide in its groove until the center ofthe pin 45 will coincide at one point in its revolution with thepitch-line of said pinion, and that in consequence the motiontransmitted through said crank-pin at this one point in its revolutionwill coincide with that derived from the feeding-rollers,the gears ofwhich are equal in size to the pinion 06, although the shaft 80 is putout of alignment with the stud 98 by the movement of the frame 00. Thatthe pasting devices into correct relative position with respect to thatof the creaser3, whereupon the bolts 23 are tightened to secure theadjusted position of the crank-pin, which adjustment is readilyascertainable by means of the graduations upon the periphery of theplate 128 and the disk 129; but it being evident that in their operationthe first cutting device and the last creaser must act upon the materialat theinstant when the center of the crankpin 45 coincides in itsrevolution with the pitchline of the gear 96, in order that said cuttingdevice and creaser may engage with the paper while they are moving at auniform rate of speed with the travel of the paper, it therefore followsthat in order to secure the timely operation of the first cutter uponthe material the roll 54 must be adjusted by sliding its bearingarms soas to carry it toward or from the first cutting device, (as may berequired,) thereby increasing or diminishing the extent of paperstretched between the first cutting device and the operative position ofthe cutters 14 on the opening-rolls ZS-that is to say, that as therelative distance between the first cutter and opening-rollers is alwaysthe same, and in forming any sized bag the first cuts must beintersected by those of theknives 15, it is requisite that the length ofpaper stretchedbetween said devices must be exactly that of one or morebag-lengths, no matter what the size of each bag is, and this variationsuited to several sizes of bags is readily accomplished by theweb-take-up roller 54, which may have substituted for it manyequivalently-operating de- -vices. Thischange-gearing detern'iining therelative movements of the mechanisms during the various adjustments ofwhich the machine is capable permits the pastingdevices to turn instationary bearings.

I As the plane of travel of the paper with respect to the periphery ofthe pasting-disks 68, the alignment of whose carrying-shaft is notchanged, must be varied at times in order to secure the proper pastingof various sizes of bag-bottoms, the rearward flaps of which will beshort or long according to the dimensions of the bag being made, and asthe extent of paper stretched from the feeding-rollers 27 28 to thefinal creasing and cutting mechanisms must always remain the same, orequal to the length of one or more bag-blanks, it is requisite that theguide-roller 67 shall be hung to swing, in being adjusted, in bearingsso related tofthe centers of the cylinders 64 and 71 as to admit of itsmovementin adjustment to and from the periphery of the pasting-disks 68without slacking or straining the material, and thus disturbing theregister of the preliminary cuts and creases with respect to the finalcreases, cuts, and folds.

The'shanks of the interchangeable creaserblades 3 are all made of onelength, so as to'be secured in the same socket with convenience, theoperating edges of each being extended to suitable proportions.

The shank of the creaser-blade 4 is fixed in its socket in the carrier,and the sleeve 80,

which carries the cutting-blade 13, is recessed (see Fig. 7) to allowits circular adjustment without disturbing said creaser, the sleevebeing provided with indices determining the proper adjustment of thecutting-blade l3 relative to the creaser with which it'is toco-opcratein finishing the bag-bottom, said indices being accurately determined tosuit each size of bag.

In order to secure the correct cooperative relation of the creaser andits creasing-slot no matter to what extent the cutter is moved withrelation to the creaser, the sleeve has fast to it a pinion, 145, thatmeshes with a pinion, 146, that is fast to the carrier 79, which latteris loose on its shaft; and that when adjusted the mechanisms may beproperly rotated, the

-wheel 101 is fast on the carrier 79, and wheel 102 is fast on the arbor78.

All the cutters are secured in their seatsprovided in the shafts whichcause their oscillation in a similar manner, and the description of thecutting-blade 13 will suffice for all. Its shank is made of a length tosuit the seat, and the cutting-edge is given proper proportions adaptedto the cut it is required to make.

As means of fastening, screws 35, having slots for the passage of thecuttershank through their heads, are provided, the flare of whichscrew-heads will, when properly turned, bear upon a shoulder at each endof the cuttor-shank.

The final pasting apparatus is secured to an arm, V, fast upon the shaft83, and consists of a pad, 82, formed by a straight member having wingsprojecting at right angles thereto, the general bearing-surface beingcurved to adapt it to have surface contact with the paste-roll 84, thatturns in the paste-vat, and to properly bear upon the bag-bottom inapplying the paste-lines thereto. side members of this paster might bearranged to slide laterally on the shaft, and thus adjust to suitvarious sizes of bags, which arrangement avoids the necessity ofremoving said paster and exchanging it for another.

The guiding-wheels 87 are mounted in pivoted arms 86, to runfrictionally by hearing onto the roller 81, which arms also support theroller 88, which is similarly driven. These wheels are adjustablelaterally on their supporting-shaft S5, and the roller 88 is madeinterchangeable with others to suit different sizes of bags. Motion iscommunicated to the roller 81 by means ofa band-wheel, 135, and a band,136, from a band-wheel, 134, on the shaft of the cylinder 71. Atightening-pulley, 126, adjustable by a movable arm, 127, supported by abracket, serves to regulate the tension of the belt.

The traveling apron 70, preferably made of rubber, which forms acreasing-cushion, and is of a width in excess of the largest bag to beproduced upon the machine, is stretched from IOC The wings or thecylinder 71 to the pressing-roller 72, and guides or carries theunsevered blanks to the pressing-rollers 72 7 3, which are gearedtogether to run in unison by means of wheels 76.

Abclt, 75, preferahl y arranged centrally over the apron 70, isstretched from a pulley, 74, and over a recessed portion of the roller73, and itis caused to run slightly faster than the paper through motionderived from the bandwheel 131, transmitted by a belt to a bandwheel,132, on the shaft of the pulley 74. It operates to lay the flaps 17forward and downward onto the bag-bottom; and in order that it mayeffectually perform this function it is arranged so as to run intraveling over the material at an angle to the plane of travel of thematerial. The improved action of this arrangement is thatit graduallyapproaches and bears upon the outwardly-moving bag-length, whenceresults a sure contact and constantlyincreasing pressure upon said flap,which causes the same to be so bent forward and downward that the flapis laid onto and held upon the bag-bottom as it enters between therollers 72 73, and thus has its relation to the bottom accuratelysecured before the great pressure of the rollers is applied to it. Itsinclined position renders it unnecessary that any adjustment of it,either in position or speed of travel, shall be made for the productionof any sized bag. Although this belt is of great utility in performingthe function oflaying the projecting rearward flaps 17 forward anddownward upon the bag-bottom, it has been found in practice that theseflaps 17 will not always stand forward far enough after the creasingoperation is performed to be properly caught by this belt when carriedonward far enough to be engaged by it, in which case a defective bagwill be produced. This faulty operation is overcome and its actionrendered a positive one, independentof the quality or state of thepaper, by means of an air-blast which insures the proper forwardinclination of these creased bottom flaps to secure their engagement bythe belt, which air-blast is directed over the apron 70, so as to strikethe flaps as they rise over the cylinder 71 and hear them forward so asto be properly impinged upon by the belt 75, and by it pressed downwardto enter between the pressing-rollers 72 73. This blast is produced byrotary fans 91, of ordinary construction, and directed by one or morepipes, 92, the fans being geared together and driven by a band-wheel,117, through a belt moving over a band-wheel, 118.

Any form of apparatus for producing the airblast may be adopted, andthis blast, either with or without a cowl or deflector near the roller73, may be used without the belt 75 to bend forward and so far inclinethe flap 17 downward as to secure its proper entry between the rollers72 73. During this forward bending of the flaps 17, either by the beltor by the air-blast, or both, it is manifest that the rearward portionof the diamond folds will, if left free in passing from the cylinder-'71to the rollers 72 73, be lifted up, and thus distort the bottom anddestroy the bag. To prevent this guide-bars 93 are arranged to lie overeach edge of the bag-blanks, to rest over or bearlightly on the blanksbetween their bottom flaps and outer edges. These bars are adj ustablyheld by a slotted cross-plate, 130, by means of thumb-screws, and maythus be positioned to suit the size of the bag being made.

For the guide-bars 93 narrow belts might be substituted orproperly-directed blasts of air supplant either.

The belt 75 might have substituted for it such a number of currents ofair as are necessary to perform the same function, these currents beingso directed as to impinge upon the flaps 17 at different points of theirprogression or movement onward to the rollers 72 73, and thus graduallybend them forward and lay them downward to be properly entered into thenip of said rollers, the guides 93 or any of their substitutes lceingused to properly hold the diamond fold.

For the purpose of securing the correct passage of the free end of thebag-blank emerging from the rollers 72 73 onward to the final cuttingand creasing devices, and thence to the final pasting and foldingdevices, narrow eonductors l and 2, arranged above and below the planeof travel of the material, are made to span the necessary portion ofspace between those devices, and the last severingknit'e and creaser areslotted to admit their passage by the conductors 1. The pasting-disks 6bare mounted upon a shaft jointed to admit its -removal withoutdisturbing its toothed driving-- wheel 112 when cleansing is to be done,which shaft is rotated by the intermediate 113.

As shown herein, the mechanisms are adjusted to make bags of a capacity,say, equal to one pound, which is determined by the size of the setOoffeeding and openingrollers27 28. If, now, it is desired to adjust themechanisms for the production of a bag of greater sizesay equal to thatof the circumference of the set F of the feeding and opening rollers 2728- the following adjustments are made: The breaker 63 is raised, thetube-former corresponding with the set(] of feeding opening rolls isremoved, the inner end of the table 59 is raised, and the polygonalroller-carryingfratne is rotated by means of the hand-wheel 139 untilthe gear-wheel llO of the setFof rollers 27 28 properly meshes with thedriving'wheel 123. The table 59 is then lowered to rest upon the studs44, and a tube-former, 56, of appropriate width, is secured in place,and the breaker is dropped into position. The frame is then releasedfrom its pin 42, entered to hold it, and drawn rearward, and its gear96exchanged for one of a size corresponding with that of 110 of set F ofthe rolls 27 28, and the creaser 3 is replaced by one of suitable lengthand width. The frame 90 is then moved forward until the gear 96 properlymeshes with the wheel 95 to bring the creaser 3 in relative position tothe cutters of the opening-rolls, the slide of the crank-pin 45 movingto suit this adjustmenaand the pin 42 is entered in the proper holes.The head 24 is then rotated, andthrough it the gear 97 and the train ofwheels to which it imparts motion, to adjust into proper relativeposition the first cutting device, the last cutter and creaser withrespect to the ereaser 3 and opening-rolls, the indi'ces on the plate128 and disk 129 rendering this speedy of accomplishment. The sleeve isthen rotated to bringits cutterinto the proper distance from the creaser4, and secured there by the clamping-screw47. The first cuttingblade isexchanged for one of proper length. The guiderolls 37 are then adjustedlaterally and a'roller, 88, of proper length mounted between them. Theguide-bars 93 are laterally adjusted. The take-up roller 54 is thenadjusted into proper position to make the distance intervening betweenthe first cutter and the opening-rolls equal to an even number of exactbag-lengths of the new size to be made, as indicated by the graduationson the hand- Wheel 138. The pasting-disks 68 are laterally adjusted anda suitably-shaped pasting-pad, 82, placed in position. The paper is thenintroduced and the mechanismsrnoved through the hand wheel 120 until thepaper is engaged by the feeding-rollers 72 73, and the machine set inmotion. This hand-wheel 120 is on a shaft, 116, carrying a pinion, 115,that engages the toothed wheel 113, that gears with the wheel 123.

What is claimedis- 1. In amachinefor making paper bags, acarryiug-framesupporting two or more interchangeable sets of mechanisms which operatein forming the bag-bottom, said frame being arranged to rotate in movinga set of said mechanismsinto operative position all substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination, with interchangeable opening feeding-rollers havingcutters and slitters, and an interchangeable creaser, as 3, ofa primarycutting mechanism and an adjustable fina'l cutting and creasingmechanism, all substantially as described.

3. The combination, with interchangeable opening feeding-rollers havingcutters and slitters, and an interchangeable creaser, as 3, of a primarycutting mechanism, an adjustable final cutting and creasing mechanism,and an adjustable take-up roll, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with interchangeable opening feeding-rollers, aninterchangeable creaser, as 3, a primary cuttingmechanism, and anadjustable final cutting and creasing mechanism, of connecting gearingdriving the same, a movable frame carrying the shaft of creaser 3, aninterchangeable gear, 96, and an adjusting crank-pin, as 45, couplingthe shaft 89 to the stud of pinion 97, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the adjustable takeup roller with the cutting andcreasing mechanisms, whereby the extent of paper stretched between twooperating mechanisms is governed and a perfect register of the portionoperated upon by one mechanism is secured with by operationssuccessively performed upon it,

all substantially as described. I

7. The combination, with interchangeable opening feeding-rollers, of thebreaker constructed to be adjusted into different positions suited tothe operation of forming ditferent sizes otbn'gs, all subst antiall yasdescribed.

8. The combination, with interchangeable opening feeding-rollers,cutting and creasing mechanisms, and an adjustable final pasting device,of means for changing their rotative movements to provide concertedaction during the formation of a number of different sizes of bags, allsubstantially as described.

9. The combination,with a creasing-cushion and an adjustable framecarrying a creaserblade co-operating with said cushion, ofinterchangeable opening feeding-rollers, sub-. stantially as described.

10. The combination, with a machine for making paper bags, of an airapparatus supplying one or more currents of air directed so as toimpinge upon the free flap of the bagbottom and turn it forward,substantially as described.

11. The combination, with means for feeding onward bag-lengths havingrearward-projecting bottom flaps that require folding forward in formingthe bottom, of a creaser, as 3, operating to define the line offolding,ando ne or more conductors, as 92,emitting an air-current toimpinge upon and bend or fold said flap, all substantially as described.I

. 12. In a machinefor making paper bags, the combination, with guidesoperating to sustain the outer edges of the bag-bottom in place, of abelt the operating-surface of which is arranged to travel at greaterspeed and with increasing proximityto the surface of and in the samedirection as the onwardly-fed material, said belt thus operating toengage with and gradually fold or lay each rearward bottom flap onto thepartially-formed bag-bottom as the same passes beneath it, substantiallyas described.

13. The combination, with means for feeding onward bag-lengths havingprojecting bottom flaps that require to be folded in forming thebag-bottom, of guides operating to control the sides of the bag-bottom,and one or more conductors emitting an ainourrenttoimpinge upon andbend,lay, or fold said flap, all substantially as described.

1st. The combination, with means for feeding onward bag-lengths havingprojecting flaps that require folding in forming the bag-bot tom, of acreaser, as 3, operating to define the line of folding, guides operatingto control the sides of the bag-bottom, and one or more conductors, as92, emitting an aincurrent to impinge upon and lay, bend, or fold saidflap, all substantially as described.

15. The combination, with means for feeding onward bag-lengths havingrearward bottom flaps that require to be folded, of the inclined belt,as 75, and one or more conductors, as 92, emitting an air-current, theconjoint action of which secures the perfect laying or folding of suchrearward bottom flap intoproper position to be secured onto thebag-bottom, all sub stantially as described.

16. The combination, with means for feeding onward bag-lengths havingrearward bottom flaps that require to be folded, of a creaser, as 3,operating to define the line of folding, an inclined belt, as 75, andone or more conductors, as 92, emitting an air-current, allsubstantially as described.

17. In a machine for making satchel bottomed paper bags, thecombination, with a guiding-roller, over which is carried the tubehaving its body partially severedto form bottom flaps, of one or moredisks automatically supplied with paste, by the conjoint action of whicheach bottom tiapis carried into contact with the periphery of thepasting disk OltiiSkS and pasted by the simple spring of the paper whilethe body of the tube or bug-blank is held out of such contact, allsubstantially as described.

18. The combination, with pasting-disks revolvingupon fixed bearings,andwith two fixed guides for conducting the material past saidpasting-disks, of an adjustable guide hung in such relation to saidfixed guides that it may be adjusted to guide the material more orlessdistant from the pasting-disks without increasing or diminishing thelength of the path of travel, and thus distend or slack the material,all substantially as described.

19. The combination, with interchangeable opening feeding rollers anddevices they carry for forming bag-bottoms having rearward bottom flaps,of a guide and the laterally-adjustable pastingdisks 68, substantiallyas described.

20. The combination, with severing mechanism, of mechanism for creasingthe front point of the diamond preparatory to folding, said mechanismsbeing adjustable with relation to each other, so as to operate upon bagsof varying sizes, all substantially as described.

2t. A combined creasing and cutting mechanism consisting of an arborprovided with a creaser-holding socket, upon which is mounted a sleevethat supports the cuttingblade, said sleeve being arranged to turn uponthe arbor to adjust therelation of itscutter to thecrcaser, and providedwith means, substantiallyas described, for securing its adjustedrelation.

22. The combination, with the primary cutting mechanism andinterchangeable opening feeding-rollers, of final creasing and cuttingmechanisms the blades whereof are relatively adjustable, allsubstantially as described.

23. The combination, with the' adjustable creaser-blade 4, operating todefine the line of' folding of the last bottomilap,of laterally-adlastbottom flap of various sizes of bags, substantially as described.

24. The combination, with the creascr-blade 4, of the wheels 87 androller 88, the same constituting the mechanism for folding the lastbottom flap, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto setmy hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

\Vitnessesz' CHAS. B. STILWELL.

FRANK L. BAKER, JNo. L. BAKER.

justable wheels87 and interchangeable roller 88, which mechanisms areadapted to form the

